Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, College of NursingUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUSA
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Relationship between sleep disturbance and self-care in adults with type 2 diabetes
- Published on June 21, 2018
Aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder requiring intensive self-care to maintain optimal glycemic control. Sleep disturbance is common in T2D patients and likely impairs glycemic control. Our aim was to examine the relationship between sleep disturbance and self-care in adults with T2D.
Methods: This study used a correlational design. Sixty-four adults with T2D were recruited. Validated instruments were used to measure self-care, subjective sleep disturbance, and covariates (e.g., diabetes distress, self-efficacy, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness). Over an 8-day period, the ActiGraph-wGT3X was used to measure objective sleep outcomes (e.g., total sleep time and number of awakenings). Bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 60.6 (SD 6.8) years (range 50–78), and 51.6% were women. Controlling for covariates, subjective sleep disturbance (β = − 0.26), diabetes distress (β = − 0.39), and daytime sleepiness (β = − 0.21) were strong predictors of diabetes self-care (R2 = 0.51, p < 0.001). When objective sleep parameters were used, the number of awakenings (β = − 0.23) also predicted self-care along with diabetes distress, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness (R2 = 0.57, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Subjective sleep disturbance and frequent nocturnal awakenings are associated with worse diabetes self-care in adults with T2D. Healthcare providers are recommended to include comprehensive sleep assessment at every clinical visit. Diabetes educators may consider including sleep-related education in their diabetes self-management classes and/or counseling sessions.
Author(s)
- Bingqian Zhu 1,4
- Laurie Quinn 1
- Mary C. Kapella 1
- Ulf G. Bronas 1
- Eileen G. Collins 1
- Laurie Ruggiero 2,3
- Chang G. Park 1
- Cynthia Fritschi 1
Institution(s)
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1
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2 Institute for Health Research and Policy, School of Public HealthUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoUSA
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3 School of NursingUniversity of DelawareNewarkUSA
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4 School of NursingShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
Journal
Acta Diabetologica